Summary of chapter 11- business ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Summary of chapter 11- business ethics - Essay Example Any business in the creation of its products will use resources and make waste by products. Through this process it functions within an ecological system. Ecology is the â€Å"science of the interrelationships among organisms and their environments.† Ecosystem refers to everything within the ecology which is both living and nonliving. These systems are interconnected and have a framework of checks and balances. If one of these systems experiences a change, all those that are connected to it will be affected as well. Effects of tampering by man can have unforeseen consequences which can be both injurious and beneficial. Though businesses are usually blind to such factors they have a duty to take them into consideration. In a traditional sense both society and business have considered the environment a free and unlimited resource. Though actions by a singular company are negligible, collectively their pursuits cause depletion of natural resources. In certain cases these policies may end up affecting the public such cases are known as spillover or externality. Thus spillovers cause the public to not only pay for their products but also the byproducts of their manufacturing process. The efforts taken to internalize processes so they do not adversely affect the environment are essential for our own benefit. Certain businesses may choose not to follow this business contract and the public would find themselves dealing with the spillover. According to Blackstone, every person â€Å"has this right qua being human and because a livable environment is essential for one to fulfill his human capabilities.† Given this right, acknowledging our actions is the moral course. Though despite this acknowledgement all this does is prevent the environment from degrading further. We must thus be careful to not consume that which we know is scarce. Before we can save the environment, it must first be decided which state we want to leave it in. Do we want to preserve it or restore

Art galleries in berlin Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Art galleries in berlin - Thesis Example The situation is almost the same as in New York, a cultural center wherein a recent Van Gogh exhibit drew crowds bigger than the combined Redskin’s home games. (Savageau 2007, p. 101) the Berlin art scene divides sharply into east and west, the latter containing the expensive, more established galleries in Charlottenburg and Tiergarten and the former reflecting the current energy and attention. The area around the Augustustrasse in Mitte, which became the breeding ground of wild and crazy art in the first years after the Wall, is now known as the "Art Mille" - after the many galleries that have sprung up along its streets. The survival of many art galleries in Berlin deserve to be investigated. For art galleries to succeed, wrote Owen, a lot of complementary infrastructure is needed, on both the supply side and the demand of marketing side: â€Å"On the supply side†¦ art required a training network and an intense native ethos. On the marketing side, success required a thick market of sophisticated, well-placed buyers and an active set of dealers and secondary institutions. (p. 68-69) What really makes an art gallery tick? Or, more specifically, what kind of gallery will be successful and survive in Berlin? This paper will investigate this issue and for such purpose, the following secondary objectives will be pursued: This study will primarily use the qualitative method of inquiry. What this means is that the author will exhaust available document on the subject of the study both from the organization itself and third-party records. Case studies will be employed in order to present authoritative findings by functioning as reference points in the discussion. It must be underscored that, in the past, quantitative method could have sufficed but today, the dynamics in research has changed. Denzin and Lincoln (2005) maintained: â€Å"Rapid social change and the resulting diversification of life worlds are increasingly

Server Roles for Installing Windows Server 2008 R2 Essay

Server Roles for Installing Windows Server 2008 R2 - Essay Example AD CS can be used to create a single or many certification authorities to obtain certificate requests, confirm the information in the requests and the requester’s identity, revoke certificates, issue them, and publish revocation data. AD CS support applications such as secure wireless services, smart card logon, and digital signatures (Kelbley & Sterling, 2010). This role provides a total solution for accommodating and managing high-performance allocated business applications. Here, integrated services like the .NET Framework, COM+, and Web Server Support enhance productivity all through the application life cycle, ranging from design and development up to operations and deployment. This role, (DNS) gives a standard way for relating designations with numeric Internet addresses. With this, users refer to system computers through using easily remembered names rather than a long series of numbers. The DNS services may be integrated with Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol services, eradicating the necessity to add DNS records as more computers are increased on the network. Of the above roles, the Active Directory System would be best installed in the Kudler Fine Foods Virtual Organization. This is can be either the Active Directory Domain Service or the Active Directory Federation Services. This is because the role can enable this organization to install Windows in phases, thus enabling integration of other systems. Based on the networking of a this big organization, (Kudler) the Active Directory System is essential because it can authenticate users to many applications that use one user account, and it can be used on a larger scale, providing each user with virtual services (Laudon & Laudon, 2007). Additions to the Negotiate Authentication package by use of NegoExts, the SSP can be authenticated to negotiate them between Microsoft and related software providers. Such extensions

Noise Pollution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Noise Pollution - Essay Example General Characteristics of sound in relation to Noise pollution Sound is made up of longitudinal waves that travel through air and cause certain materials to vibrate and create sound. The common characteristics of sound are intensity, frequency, amplitude and velocity. Sound cannot travel in outer space because it is a vacuum. (Ron Kurtus, 2009) According to Kurtus atoms and molecules that float in outer space are too far apart to actually cause any vibration or sound. A loud explosion in outer space would hardly be heard because of the vacuum. Unlike electromagnetic waves that easily travel through space through electrical and magnetic fields, sound waves are caused due to vibration of matter. (Ron Kurtus, 2009) Sound intensity in relation to Noise Pollution The intensity of sound varies from human to human due to varying hearing sensitivity and therefore cannot be generalized. Sounds which could be normal for some could be harsh for others. Sound frequencies ranging between 1000 Hz and 5000 Hz seem most sensitive to the human ear. However, a normal human ear with the right hearing ability has the lowest threshold of approximately 4000 Hz for comfortable hearing. When sound intensity goes beyond this threshold it tends to impact on the ear causing damage. Such intense sounds include loud explosions, blasts, crashes and noise from heavy machinery etc. Prolonged exposure to such intensity of sounds is liable to lead to permanent damage. Sound intensity is described as the average rate of sound energy flow across a perpendicular surface in the line of propagation. Sound intensity is measured by special units, namely, bel and decibel which are logarithmic. If there is an increase of 1 bel, the intensity of the sound increases ten fold. An increase of 1 dB increases the intensity by approximately 25% and the change in audibility can hardly be detected. The threshold for human hearing is 0 dB sound intensity. The intensity of sound decreases as distance is increased . (www.physicsclassroom.com) Frequency of Noise Pollution The frequency of noise pollution is as important as its intensity and therefore prolonged or frequent exposure to noise is another contributing factor that lowers an individual’s quality of life. The intensity of sound that exceeds above 90dB or even lesser but recurs repeatedly over long periods of time either at work or ones own home, is sure to cause damage to the ear. Damage leads to a deterioration in audibility and could progress into permanent loss of hearing if not checked in time. Therefore, it is advisable to use hearing protectors especially when exposed to noisy environments on a regular basis. Noise pollution in relation to the quality of life Noise pollution is a major contributing factor to discomfort and stress in human beings. In fact it is a crucial threat to an individual’s quality of life especially for those who work in factories and industries with heavy machinery that creates a lot of soun d. In this contemporary age, the latest technology brought about by industrialization poses a major threat to human beings as well as causing ecological damage. Noise pollution is no more only an urban problem because even in rural areas noise from heavy machinery from industries or factories and farm implements have added to the problem.

John McCain's Proposal for Health Care Reform Essay

John McCain's Proposal for Health Care Reform - Essay Example McCain believes in allowing every American to keep their health insurance as they move from job to job or job to home. McCain believes in strengthening health care quality by promoting research and development of new treatment models, improving technology and providing best information for Americans. (www.johnmccain.com). John McCain's health reform proposal is an attempt to address the inefficiencies. The McCain proposal consists of three components. The first component is that the current implicit tax subsidy provided for employer-based coverage would be eliminated. For a worker receiving health coverage through his/her employer, the premium would be treated as part of the worker's "income" and taxed under the personal income tax. In place of this subsidy, consumers would receive a refundable tax credit if they obtain health insurance. The size of the credit would be $5000 for persons purchasing family coverage, and $2500 for persons purchasing individual coverage. This first component will make health care affordable and accessible for all since they receive a substantial refundable tax credit. The second component is that the non-group market for health... "community rating" laws). States also vary in whether they mandate coverage for different types of medical expenses. This second component will allow Americans to choose the most affordable and the most efficient health coverage plan from health care providers from other states. This plan will push health coverage rates down as the suppliers of health coverage plans compete for new consumers across state lines. This plan also pushes health companies to offer a wider range of health services for the same costs in order to retain their old customers and attract new ones. The third component is that the federal government would provide funding for states to each administer in the form of a Guaranteed Access Plan. This plan puts a premium on accessibility for all Americans and their families in all of the states.This plan will also make insurance more affordable as it would expand competition and "put families in charge of their health care dollars which will lead to expansions of health savings accounts and other high-deductible plans. References: Collins, S. R., & Kriss, J. L. (2008). Envisioning the future: The 2008 presidential candidates' health reform proposals (The Commonwealth Fund Publication No. 1092). Retrieved February 23, 2008, from http://www. commonwealthfund.org/publications/publications_show.htmdoc_id=647708 Ginsburg, P. B. (2008). PERSPECTIVE: Don't break out the champagne: Continued slowing of health care spending growth unlikely to last. Health Affairs, 27(1), 30-32. John McCain website. Available at

Jainism, Sikhism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Jainism, Sikhism - Essay Example Sikhism is considered to be a new religion in India when compared to that of other religions such as Jainism or Hinduism. The religion has been founded by Guru Nanak. Some of the unique characteristics of the religion are that they do not belief in pilgrimage, superstitions, fasting as well as other such kinds of rites. It tries to provide services to the community and thus tries to extend its help to the ones who need them. The Sikhs are supposed to dress as per the Guru Gobind Singh’s order. According to the religious doctrines, the Sikhs should also wear turbans. Regular pray and meditation is done by means of repeating the name of the God. The Khalsas’ in the Sikh religion are expected to monitor five K’s such as Kaccha, Kara, Kirpan, Khanga and Kes. This religion does not follow any symbolism or ritualism. There are not any altars or idols in the Gurudwara. The fact that every Gurudwara keeps the holy Sikh Scripture, which is also known as Guru Granth Sahib or Satguru, is a unique characteristic (Pecorino, â€Å"Philosophy of Religion†). It can be mentioned that both the religions namely the Sikhism and the Jainism are of the belief that they are inhabitants to the Indian subcontinent. It was found that like Sikhism, Jainism also refused the power of the Vedas and thus developed independent textual norms and traditions that were based upon the words as well as the illustration of their early teachers. It finally evolved complete new ways of communicating their thoughts with the common people (Apex Learning, â€Å"3e Jainism and Sikhism†). The main similarities of both the religions are that both of them commemorate Diwali, a festival of lights. Jains are strictly vegetarians but the Sikhs are non-vegetarians. However, it can be observed that in Gurdwaras, the food that is served is completely vegetarian so that it is capable of obliging all the segments of the

The role of the Nazi medical professionals in the Holocaust Essay

The role of the Nazi medical professionals in the Holocaust - Essay Example The id is the violent, animalistic side that comes to the fore in moments of stress and also within wars, when the power of the superego (laws, norms etc.) becomes diluted (Jones, 1955). The case of the Nazi medical professionals, who indulged in a series of experiments that ranged from the nominally 'medical' to the outright sadistic, seems to suggest that given the opportunity, many people, and even those who are meant to be dedicated to caring for people will allow the id that has been lurking within them to fore. This essay will deal with both the general tendencies of Nazi rule that led to the doctors' involvement in various atrocities, from euthanasia of infants to selections of those to go to the gas chambers to medical experiments, together with the specifics of some of the people involved. The questions of "how" and "why" are often linked within this study. As will be seen, many of the doctors seemed to be able to convince themselves that what they were doing was at least nominally in the interests of medical science. William Shirer (1959) presents the situation very well. He states that Thus the Nazi medical experiments must be considered not only from the relatively small number of doctors who actually took an active part in them, but also the tens of thousands other doctors who passively endorsed the experiments through their silence. This overall complicity of the German medical community within the Holocaust in general may be partially explained by the indoctrination to Nazi principles that had occurred with the steady development of Nazi hegemony within Germany. As Robert Lifton (2000) puts it, "the oath of loyalty to Hitler they took as SS military officers was much more real to them than a vague ritual performed at medical school" (p.207). Even for those doctors who were not members of the SS there was a sense of loyalty to the state that was perhaps much more real than the Hippocratic oath they had probably taken decades before. As with many of the atrocities committed by the Nazis, those performed by doctors did not start at the extremes, but rather gradually developed. Thus medical doctors were first used to perform the "mercy killing" or "euthanasia" of the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped and those that were terminally ill or otherwise regarded as a burden to the Nazi state. This started with the killing of "idiot children" and the severely "mentally ill" (Lifton, p.180). Such killing was also accomplished through essentially letting newborn babies with defects die. Doctors argued that "there was no justification for keeping such a child alive" (Lifton, p.51). It is interesting to note that the act of killing is transformed into a more passive definition of "not keeping" the child alive. In these initial stages of using doctors within the Nazi plan for dominance, the Nazi hierarchy, on Hitler's explicit instruction, was careful to consider the sensibilities of those involved with the killing. Thus a