Art is life Essay

Art is life, it is beauty, it is emotion, it is you, it is me, it is everything. Art defines all that we are, and all that we could become. Art is of the past and of the future, of the influences of our daily lives, of our pasts combined with who we are today. Art is an indescribable joy, an expansion of the mind, body and soul. We are art, every last individual of the human race. Art comes in the form of music, dance, theater, painting, drawing, blowing, throwing, and even in the math equations or scientific experiments of the right brained population. Art is feeling, seeing, smelling, tasting and hearing. Art is here to titillate our senses, to create emotional and physical reactions to the viewer. Art is healing. Art is loving. Art is†¦ everything. The Value of Art After a distinctly self-contemplative night, I began to wonder what it is that attracts people to art. Certainly I consider myself an artist of sorts†¦ but what is it that makes me an artist? Why do I practice art? Why does anyone immerse themselves in abstract activities that, for the most part, do not add to financial security or other measurable values? We know that art has been around before written language. Ancient carvings and cave-wall paintings attest to an early drive to participate in artistic endeavors. I would say that our skills as artists have improved since the first cave paintings†¦ but I think there must be the same seed of creativity that connects long forgotten ancestors and modern artists. I think that the most obvious similarity is that dedicated artists tend to create art that reflects important aspects of their lives. When it comes to ancient man, what could have been more important than food and reproduction? Ancient art is ripe with images of hunting and pregnant women. As human society evolved into more stable communities, the art changed. Over time the focus on survival was supplanted with self-emulation. In ancient Egypt, for example, the art turned to worshipping the value of great kings and all-powerful gods. The same happened in most cultures. I doubt that common slaves of Egypt felt that preserving kingly honor for eternity was a motivating factor; slaves probably would have produced an entirely different art than what we  find in tombs had they the resources to create art. What is telling is that the art that survived from ancient times reflects directly the values of the people producing and preserving it: in terms of Egypt†¦ it was of the Pharaohs. European Medieval art reflects a mixture of pagan and Christian ideals. We can deduce that local kings whose roots were largely pagan mixed with the influence of Rome. The artistic work commissioned throughout this time is a constant reminder of those influences. Take this on up to our own time. An important note to take is that as the traditional religious values of historic importance in the west have been challenged in intellectual circles, the focus of art has strayed. Prehistoric art was focused on life and death†¦ ancient art turned to the afterlife and mysticism; modern art has no focus. I am confident that mass media and the internet have a large role in the change†¦ perhaps we are still too early in the new era to be able to define the motivating factor behind the art that will last; but I feel that the reality is that art has no focus in our age because it is not the secluded craft of the gifted and appointed.

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Disease concept note: polycystic ovary syndrome A lot of females worldwide tend to naturally shy off the topic of their genital health. They only come out of this devastating cocoon when the situation is far out of hand and beyond control, deeper analysis into this matter will add water to the myth that mortality rates in females are higher become they are ignorant of the most basic diseases. In matters pertaining reproductive health; the general public usually has very small information of the diseases that affect them (dunaif-1997). The general public is usually satisfied with knowledge of the most common sexually transmitted diseases; gonorrhea, syphilis, genital herpes and chancroid. This information is so trivial in such a vital topic. Apart from the general genitalia disease symptoms, females should be more cautious about their general health as their bodies are prone to bacteria and viruses compared to men.In this concept note I will be dissecting a not so common disease with very common symptoms that females ignore and only speak out when the symptom worsens. This note is meant to help doctors and nurses remedy the situation. To give it an authentic touch I did a web search from reputable institutions and contrasted the findings with one medical analysis I did on a patient. Signs and SymptomsIrregular menstrual cycleIrregular cycle means there is a delay in the monthly periods or having more than one menstrual cycle in a month. A female's regular cycle is usually 28 days. This statistic may differ a little bit in women as their bodies function differently despite having the same genetic traits and metabolic systems. When a patient highlights missing periods after her pregnancy test was negative most doctors are left with a wide range of diseases to ponder on. Among the common diseases that can cause delay of the menses are urine fibroids, pelvic inflammatory disease and thyroid cancer. Polycystic ovary syndrome is always denoted by delayed menstrual cycles.Acne breakoutThis is one of the most outstanding symptoms as it is accompanied by an increase in body temperature. The acne appears and disappears sporadically on the body. If a woman above 40 years complains of severe acne breakout then polycystic ovary syndrome should be tested first.Excess hair growth on the faceWomen faces are normally less hairy than men's' faces so a woman should be really alarmed when she notices rapid hair growth on her ears, nose and most of the time chin. This mostly affects women that have just hit 30 years and have contracted the disease.Restlessness and Sleepless nightsThis usually happens as patients having this disease exhibit high stress levels and cannot willingly focus on sleep or concentrate clearly. A slight interruption when the patient is sleeping makes her lose sleep completely. Rapid weight gain or weight lossDue to irregular hormone supply and imbalance, the metabolism in women will tend to change. The change will vary among the lot as they have different metabolic systems. No matter the case, drastic change in weight always mirrors unseen effects of a disease. Causes Withdrawal effects of family planning methods affect women hormonal systems and this in turn distorts the regular ovulation breakdown cycle. The effects if not medicated can be severe to the point of making the woman in question barren.MedicationFemale Patients under intense medication for long term diseases like cancer, diabetes and tuberculosis often experience delayed menses as their systems have to counter the effects of their prescribed dosages. Stress This is among the most ignored cause of polycystic ovary syndrome yet it holds bearing to a major symptom; restlessness and lack of sleep. A female's frequent exposure to stress prone environments alters the functionality of her limbic system and further her stress then menstrual pattern. Remedies There are natural and medical remedies to this disease.The natural remedies should be tested first then medical to follow later if the later has not helped relieve the symptoms. A keen analysis should be done on the patient to ascertain which Medicine prescription is suitable for her. This will prevent further severity of the underlying symptoms. Natural remedies Eating a balanced diet will help stabilize the metabolic system hence restore the females menses cycle. Pineapple and papaya fruits are a recommendation as they have bromeliad that breaks down uterus walls and flashes out any blockages along the way. A patient should also consider eating small quantities of food regulaly.Regular exercises like yoga and crossfit are good for kick starting the brain. Any workout is good as long as it is regular and comfortable.Distress and self-care will help activate the brain cells. One should at least take time and break from her regular routine. Even a 30 minute break can be very relieving. Reduce salt and caffeine consumption. These two food stuffs inhibit the production of hormones and if not moderated they tend to alter the female reproductive system Medicine recommended are tranexamic acid systematic popularly known as Lysteda. It is a miscellaneous coagulant modifier that helps in restoring back damaged cells in the body. Ethynyl estradiol commonly known as Drospirenone is a drug meant to reverse the withdrawal effects of contraceptives in women.Mineral and vitamin supplements can also be prescribed as their role is to stabilize the production of hormones in the body. References Source of remedies for polcystic ovary syndromehttps://www.drugs.com/condition/menstrual-disorderSource of detailed symptoms to the diseasehttps://rubycup.com/all-about-your-periods/irregular-periodsSource of other genital diseaseshttps://www.healthcommunities.com/menstruationInsulin resistance and the polycystic ovary syndromeEndocrine review by A Dunaif

Systems Analysis and Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 9

Systems Analysis and Design - Essay Example The most crucial security issues facing organizations today are data security, employee security, health risks, and physical security. A 2012 report by statistics organization Securitas showed that organizations, irrespective of size, dealt with data security issues most seriously (Wisegate 5). Dangers to data originate from rival companies, hackers, and espionage attempts. Employee security is the protection of employees from other workers, and internal and external dangers. Health risks companies deal with today often are contagious illnesses that perpetrate within closed rooms such as offices, unhygienic restrooms, defective wiring, and electrical structures. Physical security is protecting the organization’s property from theft or harm and access to all its premises and facilities (Shelly and Rosenblatt 502). Companies can prepare for security dangers and issues in the future by raising awareness and teaming amongst employees, making the information technology department the â€Å"First Adopter† of disruptive innovations, system segmentation, and system visibility. System segmentation is having all key applications of an organization under a single data setting where the degrees of dangers or effect that domestic workstations can have. System visibility is the analysis of ongoing in an organization’s network through solutions that determine system traffic patterns and note irregular patterns (Wisegate 6, 7,

Fiscal Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Fiscal Policy - Essay Example However, fiscal policy is more effective in the short-run as in the long-run there is stabilizing economic forces that ensure the output moves back to its potential (Taylor, 2009). The fiscal policy involves increasing government spending or reducing taxes to stimulate aggregate demand or vice versa to reduce demand. Some countries focus on the supply-side of the economy to ensure a more permanent change. The paper will discuss the effects of fiscal policy on the economy. Taxation Expansionary fiscal policy involves cutting taxes and increasing government spending. Taxation is a source of revenue for the government to fund expenditure. If it decides to cut taxes, then it runs a budget deficit. A reduction in income tax leaves individuals with more disposable income to spend on consumption thus raising aggregate demand. As demand increases, the producers are forced to produce more and employ more factors of production. This leads to more output and employment and increased economic ac tivity (Sexton, 2008). However, income tax can only be adjusted annually on the budget hence it is difficult to apply this policy. It also depends on whether the households use extra income for consumption and not saving since savings is a withdrawal from the circular flow of income. The government can also increase transfers such as unemployment insurance, and in turn disposable income leading to more consumption (Riley, 2006). Lower taxes and increased transfers act as an incentive for workers to add more hours and increase productivity hence increased output and employment. Increasing taxes acts as a disincentive to work. If workers get less income by the end of the day compared to what they were getting, they would be dissatisfied and would not be willing to work extra hours. However, some would put more hours to cover the lost income but would lose their productivity due to low morale. There would also be low labour supply as not many individuals would be willing to work leadin g to low output in the economy (Taylor, 2009). Indirect taxes can also be used to discourage consumption especially of demerit goods. A government can impose duty on alcohol and cigarettes leading to lower demand for the items hence low output and employment. Tax incentives such as Subsidies to producers on the other hand lead to decline in cost of production hence reduced prices and consequently increased demand. Increased demand leads to production of more output hence increased economic activity (Creel & Sawyer, 2009). A decline in corporation tax attracts domestic and foreign investors’ hence increased fixed capital spending on technology, labour skills, infrastructure (Mankiw, 2008). Tax allowance on research and development encourages innovation and more business start-up thus increased employment and consequently increased aggregate demand. Government Spending Fiscal policy entails increasing government spending but a contractionary fiscal policy involves reducing gove rnment spending to curb excess demand. A government spends on infrastructure, and provision of essential services such as education and health. This adds directly to the aggregate demand of the economy hence stimulating economic activity. The government can finance its spending by borrowing from abroad or domestic market as raising taxes can lead to further weakening of the economy due to reduced demand. Improved infrastructure leads to more investments due to opening up of new markets and entry

Nursing Research Critique Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nursing Critique - Research Paper Example Specifically, this study narrows its focus on the hospitals in Sweden. The choice of the facility is important because it contains standard features that could make findings to be generalized within a global context. Critically, it is to be expected that the results of the study would be consistent and applicable to different places and situations. The emphasis of the study was to describe the real conditions as they occur at the work place during these shifts in order to expand the understanding of the issues and challenges that relate to the matter of RNs and ENs who work during the night shift. A critical review of the association between the facts presented in the problem statement and the objective of the paper reveals a seamless continuum of logic. Critical Analysis of the Study Purpose Inferences from the abstract and the preliminary facts about the study shows clearly that this study sought to describe the night work experiences of the Registered Nurses (RNs) and the Enrolled Nurses (ENs) from perspective of the nature of the work and the kind of organization and challenges that relate to the task (Nilson, Campbell & Anderson, 2008). ... In fact the study points out some assumptions that consider night duties as continuations of the kind of work arranged by the nurses who work during the day. Ideally, the study purpose captures the need to explore deeper into the essence of night duty in terms of its uniqueness and autonomy. It might be important to consider the purpose of this study in light of the structural factors that define the roles of the nurses during night duty. Critical Analysis of the Literature Review The kind of literature explored in this study explores a comprehensive wealth of information that provides resourceful details on the various matters that touch on the night duty experience, the relationship between the RNs and the ENs, and unique challenges that relate to working during the night shift. The literature also covers matters of professionalism with specific reference to the Swedish experience. For instance, this literature provides details on the kind of working relationship that takes place b etween the enrolled nurses and the registered nurses (Nilson, Campbell & Anderson, 2008). It might be argued that literature on the matters that affect the relationship between the registered nurses and enrolled nurses is meant to highlight some of the specific factors that lead to misconceptions about the manifestation of this working relationship within the context of night duty. Some of the factors explored in the literature play the role of expanding the subject matter into other relevant discourses that engage the question of working environment during the night hours. One of the most important issues that the literature seemed to lay significant focus on is the problematic distinction between the

Everybody's History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Everybody's History - Essay Example This was an organization, which sometimes referred to themselves as â€Å"Lincoln Inquiry,† and included of historians, lawyers, genealogists, collectors, college presidents, teachers, and new paper editors. These participants were upset that Lincoln biographers either ignored Indiana or featured it as a backwoods place that Lincoln was glad to escape. They thus joined together in the1920s and 1930s to recuperate a part of Abraham’s life which his biographers had left out: the ages between seven and twenty-one years, when he resided on the Indiana border. To prove the biographers wrong, they conserved, researched old records, recorded, and shared the Southern Indiana history as essential to Lincoln’s life and to the history of the American border. Along the way, they involved most of the historical agencies of the State, competed with his contemporary biographers, civic commemoration, and conflicted with the Ku Klux Clan. They also interviewed aging witnesses, bu ilt a historical village, hosted pageants, and presented their findings in print publicly. They successfully rescued some of Indiana’s history through correcting an eliminated chapter of Lincoln’s life. The â€Å"Lincoln Inquiry† felt that is was important for them to tell about Lincoln’s youth in the Indiana State since despite the omission from his biography’ he indeed grew up here. ... because he spent fourteen of the most determining years of his life growing into manhood from youth (1816-1830).Many of the moral values and character traits that made him one of the most respected leaders in the world were created and nurtured in Indiana. It was in this rural farm where Lincoln learned to chuckle with his father, mourned over the death of his mother, studied the books that opened up his mind, and conquered the hardships of life on the frontier. Prior efforts to claim Abraham for Indiana were focused on relating external events of his adulthood with items during his youth. The group argued that to be a lawyer, Lincoln read a book on law while living in Indiana. They believed that Illinois is what it is because of Lincoln’s making, cultivated by his life experiences in Indiana. But until they provide data to back their claim, then people will be left to create vague assertions on Indiana being significant, critical, or formative. The historical society preserve d evidences that they could convince people about the youthful years of Lincoln. His boyhood National Memorial, which is a component of the National park service was utilized as site to conserve the farm on which Abraham spent his life during the seven to twenty-one age bracket. The park consisted of a memorial visitor center put up by the Indiana state in 1940s; a hut site memorial, the graveyard where his mother was buried, as well as a recreated living history ranch where visitors get an understanding of the frontier life. Here, the group could bring in visitors and those interested in Lincoln’s history and educate them much about his real biography. Groups such as the Southwestern Indiana Historical society have plaid a big role in American politics and more so, on myths about Lincoln.

The Circular Economy Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The Circular Economy - Coursework Example It plans to implement practices that will streamline its production process and reduce its energy flows. It wants to achieve a circular economic model by which it can recycle and reuse its manufactured products to minimise its resource utilization as well as cost. Developing manufacturing facilities that use less energy and reduces emission will create greater sustainability as well as reduce the impact on the environment. It aims at procuring the used products from its customers at an agreed price or by offering them discounts on their new purchase. This will not only help the garden tools manufacturing company to reuse various structural and functional parts in the assembly of new equipments but will also market its strategy successfully which is aimed at long term sustainability. The gardener’s job became much easier in the year 1830 when first mechanical land mower was invented (Jenkins, 2015). Now days most of the land mowers are either powered by electricity or gas. It turns blades that either cut like scissors or rotate like a propeller in order to chop the grass. The gas mowers have rotary plates that spin horizontally on a vertical crank shaft. In order to make the blade housing which is called the deck, a machine first applies a lubricating chemical to sheet steel that is coiled when it first comes to the factory (Bralla, 2007). The chemical helps flatten the steel so that it is easier to cut the steel. A press is then used to perforate the sheet every 60 cm. After the press separates the sheet and rounds it off the corners a robotic arm is used to move each segment on to a dock (Koren, 2010). The 500 tonne press then bends the steel like steel foil in between two loads in order to give the steel its basic shape. A robot then leaves the oily deck with the suction cups and then they are moved to another press. The new machine trims the excess around the decks edges. Then

Non verbal assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Non verbal assignment - Essay Example ck sharp glance at me without a word and conveyed a reaction of unease by dropping one of her books with such force as to create a heavy slapping sound against the table. When I started to fidget and project some annoying movements, I heard her mumble something I could barely comprehend as she quickly, shall I say nastily, leafed through the book pages as if to almost rip off the sheets. On another occasion, I went as far as touching the surface of a notebook of a guy I believe is a sophomore who happened to make a sudden jerk getting up and took the thing away by impulse. To me, it seemed ambiguous to decide whether he meant to warn me of a possible trouble or if he merely intended to exhibit a nonverbal â€Å"block† to protect his property from my seemingly illogical act. Instead of proceeding to invade his territory by taking up part of his area, I unwrapped a candy which produced some scratchy noise especially when I bit on it in the manner that would make a louder disturbing sound. In a span of a minute, no verbal nor non-verbal reaction registered from his side but after a few minutes of biting the candy with the same degree of noise, the student motioned to sigh a few times as though he wanted to deliver a message that he could not concentrate on his reading. About the same findings resulted from the few other individuals in the library and the park. Perhaps my worst case of invasion was the time I stepped into the food court and literally occupied the seat which was obviously reserved for two ladies. Eventually, I got confronted with a scenario of being told that the place is already taken and I felt that I really got into their nerves as one of them spoke with raised volume and nasty inflections. Based on the aforementioned experiences, I could well imagine and sense the hard feelings each of the seven people went through in the process of having their right to territory stolen for a moment. Each of them demonstrated mostly unpleasant responses in return

Livingstone, Sauer and French Regional Geography Essay

Livingstone, Sauer and French Regional Geography - Essay Example Livingstone, initially a missionary, explored Africa during the new imperial age of exploration opening new paths for European ideals. Coming into close contact with Africa’s slave trade, he intended to replace the slave trade with Christianity and commerce as carriers of the â€Å"civilization† he felt Africa needed, but he was not successful as a missionary and made numerous geographical errors (Sykes 1996). His miscalculations nearly sacrificed his Zambezi expedition and he thought he had found the source of the Nile only to realize later that it was the upper Congo (Sykes 1996). Sauer is considered one of the founding fathers of American geography marking the initial separation of physical geography from human or cultural geography. His predominant concern was the relationship between people and their environment and he stressed the importance of anthropology. Coming from a scientific background, his purpose was a scientific observation of other traditions and religions. In his presidential address delivered to the Association of American Geographers in 1940, Sauer explains his academic three-point underpinning to the study of geography including the studies of the history of geography, physical geography, and anthropology (Sauer 1997). The main difference between Livingstone and Sauer can be found in anthropology, which stresses the importance of avoiding ethnocentricity. Livingstone, an example of the contrary, considered the Africans â€Å"wild† and described them as â€Å"humans of a lower form† (Crawfurd 2005). Sauer was a follower of human geography feeling â€Å"human geography... is a science that has nothing to do with individuals but only with human institutions, or cultures† (Sauer 1997) and remained interested in how the environment is managed. â€Å"The design of science that Montesquieu, Herder, and Buckle forecast, failed because we know that natural law does not apply to social groups †¦ We have come to know that environment is a term of cultural appraisal which is itself a ‘value’ in cultural history† (Sauer 1997).

Boston - Geological Development and Human Settlement Research Paper

Boston - Geological Development and Human Settlement - Research Paper Example This will be in regard to the liquefaction phenomenon, and what considerations need to be put in place, with regard to overall safety measures. The Boston area, part of the larger New England region, is often vulnerable to different earthquakes of varying measures, many of which are small and therefore largely destructive. However a few of these, over 30-40 strikes annually, are critical due to the effective destruction they can cause in terms of lost lives and damage to property and infrastructure (Miller 1). Furthermore, the region surrounding Boston is also vulnerable to shocks and earthquakes, which can be felt in the area as well. A study conducted by John Ebel, a Boston College seismologist evidently places the epicenter of these different quakes to New Hampshire portraying them as aftershocks of a bigger historical occurrence. Importantly is that he predicts a future mega-quake occurring (Miller 1/ Rashed and John 11). Fundamental to the discussion is Boston’s distinguishable feature of having â€Å"elegant brick-and-mortar architecture, which in many cases sits on loose, unstable soil† (Klee 1). Furthermore, expert opinion is of the view that the aging state of the city’s utilities and infrastructure is also a major area of concern. The Beacon Hill’s history as an abolitionist center, especially its northern streets, makes it more prone to such occurrences (Klee 43). This is complemented by Mcphee in his article Travels of the Rock in the New Yorker, who is able to investigate the region’s rock formation origin; relating the concepts of geological history and settlement schemes in the region (Mcphee 108). Accordingly, this provides a basis on which target audiences are able to link the current state of affairs, the architecture involved, and the general vulnerability; to different aspects such as historical settlement, as well as

Why I Want to Become a Teacher Essay Example for Free

Why I Want to Become a Teacher Essay I always wanted to become a teacher. The main reason for this is that I want to do something to help the community, and give back some of the privileges that I enjoyed. Some of these privileges included a great education, and caring teachers. I could see myself accomplishing this task through teaching. New York City needs hard working, caring, and responsible teachers, and I want to become a part of it. I believe that to become a teacher, your heart really needs to be in it and you need to be committed and dedicated. I will constantly think of ways on how to improve things and how to help my students when I become a teacher. I have the motivation, and the potential to become a New York City Teaching Fellow. In this way, I will be influencing the futures of our next generation in a positive way. I have previously worked as an occasional per diem teacher in the year 2002 with the Board of Education of NYC. Actually, it was my first job right after college. I enjoyed my time working there and helping students out, who were in need of help with their math skills. Through this teaching job, I learned a lot of things. Most important was the behavior aspect of children. I completely understand how to motivate students, and how to get them interested in the coursework. Their enthusiasm and motivation is the key to a better future generation. Besides that, I have very strong math skills, which help me make a strong candidate as a teacher. These math skills were visible when I took Calculus 1, and Calculus 2 in senior year of high school. After that, I took statistics and other advanced calculus classes in college. This progress continued through graduate school. Therefore, I believe that my educational math experience and previous experience as a math teacher will help definitely ensure high academic achievement for my students. New York City has many high-need schools located in low income communities. I also come from a low income family. Therefore, I think of it as my duty to come forward and do something for the low income families. I understand the pressure these kids are facing and the daily hassles that they go through. Therefore, it will be a great opportunity for me to work with the children of a high-need school, while understanding their situation completely. In conclusion, I would say that it is my dream to become a teacher and give back to the community that gave everything to me. I have the experience and the right education to make me a perfect candidate for teaching. I know that I will be a part of the next generation even though I am not in it and that makes me excited. I will be able to help shape history by being a teacher by setting these children up for their future. I cannot wait to get into a classroom and impart my enthusiasm to kids. They will learn and I will as well and it will be a great accomplishment for us.

The true impact racism has on people in our society Essay Example for Free

The true impact racism has on people in our society Essay The blacks are considered by the white society as worthless slaves who have no choice but to be a housemaid or slave. Racism has been a popular issue for many years, and has caused many blacks to suffer because of their outward appearance. Aibileen faces as a victim to racial comments in the movie â€Å"The Help† directed by Tate Taylor which took place in the 1960’s in Jackson, Mississippi. Aibileen is a maid. African American housemaid who has just experienced the loss of her son and has raised about 17 children as a maid. Blacks did not have the equal rights like the white society caused many to have education for money. This essay will show to a large extent the struggles Aibileen goes through, and through camera angles, dialogue, it will provide in detail why Tate Taylor used Aibileen to communicate to the viewers the problem of racism has on our society. Racism has caused blacks to differ from the white society. The impact of racism back in 1960s Jackson, Mississippi provides the struggle of an individual name Aibileen an African American house maid through a white society. Aibileen in scene one talks about how she lost her only son and was left laying dead in front of a white hospital. As a mother their responsibility is to protect and ensure the child’s safety is their first priority. Tate Taylor uses a point of view shot on the wall in scene one which sows the picture of her son and a frame of Jesus Christ to enable the viewers to see how severe the issue about racism can lead to. The blacks are treated unfairly and the white society takes advantage of the situation by ensuring blacks would be their maid to do their dirty work. In scene two you see a mid and long shot was used on Aibileen and Mae Mobley. It allows the viewers to see the foreshadow between scene one and scene two when she loses her son, and comforting the baby girl she looks after. Tate Taylor suggests by using a lo ng shot on them shows the sense of loss Aibileen has experienced ascertain the idea of sympathy towards Aibileen. When problems become piled up one by one you start to realize the only way through it is standing up for yourself. In the get together party in scene three a few girls all had a reunion which we see Skeeter joining in. Hilly makes a racist remark on black people carrying  diseases which Aibileen can clearly hear from a distance. A point of view shot was used from Skeeter to Aibileen to see her reaction towards Hilly’s comment. This camera angle was used clearly to express the disappointment on Aibileen’s face and how racism can hurt others mentally and emotionally. As the scene went on the maids are at first reluctant to talk to Skeeter because the result of them losing their jobs and violence can affect their families. Aibileen was first to tell her stories which foreshadowed their way out to starting a new life. By the end of the film when Skeeter books are finally published, Aibileen loses her job and walks off. Tate Taylor uses an establishing shot while Aibileen walks off to indicate to the viewers that while she is leaving she is also starting a new life. This angle was used effectively to deliberately allow the viewers to see that a fresh new start is what Aibileen really needs. Dialogue gives the viewers a vital idea of decisions made by Aibileen. Dialogue is crucial because it provides us with tension and suspense to what is going to happen. Aibileen from the beginning in scene one knew she would become a maid. She saws â€Å"my mama was a maid; my grandmamma was a house slave†. Back in 1960’s in Jackson, Mississippi the blacks ever want was fair treatment towards their society. Skeeter is used by Tate Taylor to provide the viewers the perspective of Aibileen as a black house maid. For many, blacks are afraid to stand up for what they believe in but Aibileen says to Hilly â€Å"All you do scare and lie to dry and get what you want: Hilly is used by the director to be the antagonist of the film and this quote by Aibileen shows the tension and anger that was bottled up inside Aibileen. â€Å"I aint never had no white person in my house† shows the contrast between both the white and the black society. Dialogue is very crucial for communication which allows the viewers to understand and critically know the situation in the film â€Å"The Help†. At the last scene of the film Hilly persuades Elizabeth to fire Aibileen as her housemaid. The quotes â€Å"My boy Trelaw said we gonna have a writer in the family on day, I guess it’s gonna be me† This establishes the struggles of Aibileen and portrays the idea that maybe one day she could retell the painful she experience she encountered as a housemaid. Dialogues show many views and angles and establish conflict and tension to effectively show a critical issue between Aibileen and the white society that surrounds her. In conclusion: Racism is an issue that still happens to this very day and is  something most people all have witnessed. Like the Film â€Å"The Help† racism has a big influence on people in our society we live in today and through dialogue and camera techniques, Tate Taylor uses it effectively to help communicate the struggles of Aibileen as an individual but with support and faith she overcomes the obstacles that society throws at her.

Procter and Gamble Organisation and People Management

Procter and Gamble Organisation and People Management 1. Introduction: Procter and Gamble Company is a complicated organization which produces various products, and its ambition is to reach the taste of the consumer. PG began in the 1911, they first produced vegetable shortening. They were always in the state of innovation by producing every day a new product. The company was enrolled in a learning process to improve its products, so as to be more efficient than the previous years. They mainly follow three steps to be more successful. The first step was to make innovative needed products; the second one was to continue in producing the successful products with suitable quantities; the third is to have more capital investments to enlarge the company in the future. These three steps preserve the success of PG. Procter and Gamble (PG) is a multinational corporation with 156 branches distributed in more than 70 countries. There are three main development centers, the first center is in Germany which is responsible for developing paper products like Always and Pampers. The second development center, which is in Brussels, is responsible for detergents. The last center is located in the United Kingdom and it is responsible for soap and shampoo. Procter and Gamble (PG) environmental science department plays a unique role to ensure that their product are safe for the consumer and for the environment. Environmental safety is an integrated part of the quality that PG builds into each of its products throughout the world. Procter and Gamble Company are committed to producing superior quality of goods and to producing products to refine the worlds consumers. The companys actual performance could be deduced by looking at its 2009 Annual Report. Its worldwide net earnings for the year 2009 were 13,436 million dollar, which is 13.61% increase over the prior year. It has total assets of $134,833 million and liabilities of $71,451 million. PG has been paying a dividend for 120 consecutive years since its incorporation in 1890 and has increased its dividend for 54 consecutive years at an annual compound average rate of approximately 9.35%.This is an evidence of how much consumers demand PGs product and how this initiates the company to develop 300 brands to satisfy five billion consumers all over the world. Alan G. Lafley became chairman of PG in 2000, he made it clear that he wanted innovation across the spectrum-in how the company invents, markets, manufactures, and distributes its products. 2. Methods 2.1 Data collection methods We get the data from the documentary analysis of the PG which come from the website of the PG. The data is easy accessed in the internet. PGs annual plans are useful in the research. At the same time, we keep contact to PG via emails. They give us information on the plan of the companys development. 2.2 Issues and challenges Biases different comments of PG in massive aspects, often find data from some organization within the PG. that circumstances may cause biases, which influence comments to become less objective and even flattery. It is significant to distinguish the information because possibly comments on one aspect could go opposite and cause dilemma. Detailed resource constraints it is not difficult to find general information about PG. However, it was not easy to search details and depth objections. Although, connecting PG for details may work, yet it cannot be certain that the opinions gained from PG are 100% objective and real. Collecting from dispersive information a majority of resources is dispersive. It means much time consuming and less efficiency. Also some information may mislead ideas to somewhere wrong. 2.3 Analysis Through the analysis of companys annual report, we know the performance of PG. according to the structure and culture of PG, we can forecast the development foreground. We evaluate the approaches to management and leadership. We use the view of a manager, trying to give out a better way. We are based on management principles and analysis the existing business model. PG has a unique pattern in the business management which was widely praised by consumers. 3. Business strategy, mission and goals 3.1 Introduction Three billion times a day, PG brands touch the lives of people around the world. This happens because PG provides branded products of superior quality and value to improve the lives of the worlds consumers. This results in leadership sales, profit and value creation, allowing employees, shareholders and the communities in which we operate to prosper. The Procter Gamble Company (PG) is a brand behemoth. The worlds first maker of household products courts market share and billion-dollar brands. Its business is divided into three global units: beauty, health and well being, and household care. It also makes pet food and water filters and produces soap operas. Some 25 of PGs brands are billion-dollar sellers, including Gillette Fusion, Always/Whisper, Braun, Bounty, Charmin, Crest, Downy/Lenor, Folgers (which it reportedly plans to spin off), Gillette, Iams, Olay, Pampers, Pantene, Pringles, Tide, and Wella, among others. The above are supported by Robert N. Lussier(2009) The PG consists of over 138,000 employees working in over 80 countries. It began as a small, family-operated soap and Candle Company now provides products and services of superior quality and value to consumers in more than 180 countries. In PG, they are focusing their efforts on where they can make the most meaningful difference in both environmental and social Sustainability. Come from Andrea Redmonds (2010) research, their commitment begins with PGs Purpose, values and principles, in which Sustainability is embedded, and manifests itself in a systemic and long-term way. They try to make their company better. 3.2 Mission and goals In 2007, PG established five strategies for Sustainability and set goals to be achieved by the year of 2012. In March of 2009, thanks to the progress it had made so far and to emphasize their commitment to achieving even more significant wins, they increased each of the goals. The five strategies are as follows: strategy1 Products: Delight the consumer with sustainable innovations which improve the environmental profile of the products. Develop and market at least $50 billion in cumulative sales of sustainable innovation products, which are products that have an improved environmental profile. Strategy 2 Operations: Improve the environmental profile of PGs own operations. An additional 20% reduction (per unit production) in CO2 emissions, energy consumption, water consumption and disposed waste from PG plants, leading to a total reduction over the decade of at least 50%. PROGRESS (percent reduction per unit production) Since July 2007 Since July 2002 Energy Usage 11% 48% CO2 Emissions 10% 52% Waste Disposal 30% 53% Water Usage 13% 52% Strategy 3 Social responsibility: Improve childrens lives through PGs social responsibility programs. Enable 300 million children to Live, Learn and Thrive. Prevent 160 million days of disease and save 20,000 lives by delivering 4 billion liters of clean water in the Childrens Safe Drinking Water program. Strategy 4 Employees: Engage and equip all PGers to build Sustainability thinking and practices into their everyday work. Strategy 5 Stakeholders: Plan the future by working transparently with their stakeholders to enable continued freedom to innovate in a responsible way. Beside the five strategies, they have several goals on the market. 1. Designed to Matter In PG, they focus the Sustainability efforts on improvements that matter, to make the most meaningful impact they can. 2. Purposes, Values Principles PGs Purpose, Values Principles articulate their shared vision, a common set of behaviors and their beliefs about the business and its potential. 3.3 Marketing strategy Many people think that multi-brand strategy will result in a situation that internal competition happens, but P G believes that the best strategy is to compete with their own product. Gary Armstrong (2009) said this is because the market economy is a competitive economy, while its opponents to develop new products to share the market. As their challenge themselves and overcome their own, so that their products  brands may occupy a different market, in order to consolidate its leadership position. 1. Differentiated brands If P Gs multi-brand strategy to be understood as simply more brands, it would be wrong. Actually the pursuit of similar products, the differences between different brands, including features, packaging, promotion, etc., to form each brand distinctive, such as Procter Gamble brand strategy so that each brand has its own development, the market will not overlap, and it will not lead to market its brand in the consumer confusion. The words above are supported by Piero Morosini (2005) 2. Manufacture of USP According to the report, USP means unique selling proposition. It is proposed by the American advertising guru Rosser Reeves (said Brent Green 2006). Marketing theory: the core of its content: Advertising should be according to the characteristics unique to the consumer for rhetoric,  and allow consumers to believe that this feature is not available to others or others not mentioned. These features can bring tangible benefits to consumers. 3. Unique way: numbers brands in one organization As Michel Philippart (2005) and Hangzhou da Xues (1994) study, multi-brand strategy is very difficult to succeed. While a single image of the brand extension strategy to facilitate the unity of management, reduce marketing costs, easy-to-be customers to accept, but it is not guaranteed, because of a branding, the easy formation among consumers  fixed image, resulting in the customers mind-set is not conducive to the extension product. 4. Overall structure: The Procter Gamble Company (PG) is divided into three main worldwide units, which are household care, beauty and grooming and health and well-being (Marketing magazine: 2009). Every units report is sent to Susan E. Arnold, who has been promoted from vice chair of PGs beauty and health department to the position of president of global business units. The beauty care section is also managed by Susan Arnold. PG has restructured its hierarchy of top executives, who include Arnold, in order to meet the changing needs of their larger, more flexible and faster-paced global business. Lafley, who is the chairman of PG, announced that PG has nearly doubled its business since 2000 with the acquisitions of the Clairol, Wella hair care businesses and Gillette. The change in structure is designed to meet the needs of a larger business that is also developing new initiatives faster than in the past (Balendu: 2007). Initially, PG managed its international operations through an international division of foreign expansion, in the same manner many other multinational enterprises. A variety of products were identified to match national differences and preferences. Consequently, a portfolio, consisting of subsidiaries, run by country general managers was established. However, this management structure may result in two basic problems. Firstly, the cost of operating these subsidiaries is high, and secondly the ferocious autonomy of national subsidiaries prevented the global roll out of new products and technology improvements (Lin, 2008: 9). Therefore, PG needed innovation in the subsidiaries management structure. It concluded that the matrix structure, in which subordinates report to more than one superior (MacKenzie, 2002:22), is a better alternative for PG, as it allows authority to be kept at lower levels. However, most firms would have some difficulty implementing this Matrix structure into their organization because it is difficult to organize multinational activities through this complex structure. For example, dual reporting can lead to disagreements and confusion and a possible overlap of responsibilities. This may result in a loss of accountability and wastes time. Through time PG has been trying to optimize its structure. The current structure resulted in a culture within PG, which was viewed as slow, conformist and risk-averse (Lin, 2008:11). This led to a decrease in productivity and an increase in inefficiency in the organization. Moreover, these factors would slow down the decision making process and reduce the competitiveness of the company. Although, the management structure of PG seems imperfect at the moment. However, the Procter Gamble Company is still a giant in the area of consumer goods and the leading maker of household products in the United States. PG operates its business in over 80 countries around the world and has approximately 300 brands in more t han 160 countries (Answers.com: 2010). The matrix structure helps PG develop its global business structure into more specific areas. As a result, the company has become more flexible to change within market competitions and the different expectation of PG. The final stage of completing the innovation process of management structure is to transform the formal structure and responsibilities of the company. For example, the global business units of PG were established in order to manage product development, manufacturing and marketing of their respective categories all around world. Furthermore, global business service units were established to organize with the transactional activities such as Accounting, HR, IT, etc. Eliminating bureaucracy and increasing accountability is another main objective of structure change (Bartlett, 2004: Chp 4). The Procter Gamble Companys corporate structure has been mainly dependent on worldwide subsidiaries and merging. During this time of restructuring, PG has continued its active acquisitions pace. For instance, PG entered the European tissue and towel market through the purchase of Vereinigte Papierwerke Schickedanz AGs European tissue unit and added the luxury fragrance business of Giorgio Beverly Hills, Inc. In the same year, PG returned to the South African market following the lifting of U.S. sanctions. The company has altered its geographic management structure gradually. As a result, PG has divided its operations into United States and International, which is would now managed around four regions, North America, Latin America, Asia and Europe/Middle East/Africa (Answers.com:2010). According to an article on Answers.com, PG announced a new restructuring initiative in September 1998. A key factor of this restructuring was a shift from an organization centered around the four geographic regions to one centered on seven global business parts based on product lines: Baby Care, Beauty Care, Fabric Home Care, Feminine Protection, Food Beverage, Health Care Corporate New Ventures and Tissues Towels. PG has continued to restructure and adapt to different markets and different financial situation worldwide. According to a firm press release announcing the new structure, This change will drive greater innovation and speed by centering strategy and profit responsibility globally on brands, rather than on geographies (Answers.com: 2010). 5. PGs Culture: Culture plays an important role in any organization to run their organization well in this fast growing business world. According to Scheins theory of culture it is defined as A pattern of shared basic assumption that the group learned as it solved its problem of external adaptation and integration that has work well enough to be considered valid and therefore to be taught to new members as a correct way to perceive, think and feel in relation to those problem(Scheins 1992,p12,italics altered). According to Schein organizational culture is the acquired outcome of group experience, as it is to a large extent unconscious. Schein considers culture to the three layer phenomenon. From figure 1 it is clearly seen that the organizational culture comprises of three layers first one is the artefacts, espoused values and underlying assumption. Artefacts Innovation culture is the mission statement of Procter and gamble organization in which they state that the consumer is boss, consumer should be the heart of all PG do from ideation stage through the purchase of the product. For example if 15 seconds with a deodorant or two minutes with a disposal diaper have made a small part of your life a little bit better then PG made a difference. PG policies made the company a unique one that respect of governments and law, respects in workplace and respect in the market place (annual report of PG, 2005). PG is a multinational company and it is widely spread geographically. They maintain open work system in lots of work places around the world. Executive offices do not have doors. Leaders do not have a secretary cordoning them off. All the offices on the executive floors at Procter and gamble are open the conference room is an open round space. They made it round as a small symbol of the new approach (Lafely .A, 2000 CEO of PG). Espoused values PG is having hierarchy of company ethics principles. PVP(Purpose, Values and principles), corporate policies, worldwide business conduct standards, operating policies/procedure/practices. For over 170 years PG purpose values and principles has been guiding the way they do business and it is shown in the fig 2 below. There purpose is to provide branded products and services of superior quality and values that improves the lives of the worlds consumer. PG lives with its people and values, they recruit the finest people in the world who built organization by promoting and rewarding people without regard to any difference related to performance. Lafely said that PG have been fortunate that some of this flexible multifaceted ethics exist in our heritage. For example Procter and Gamble pioneered a technician based system in its manufacturing plants during the 1960s and 70s. In this system they avoided the approach in which one person assigned to do only one job. The technician system still operates today. To get the highest evaluation rating in PG factory, you learn how to do all the jobs on line and once you have that rating, company expect you to be capable of problem identification, problem solving, and innovation. This background has made it easier for us to plug manufacturing and engineering in to the innovation culture. PG CEO Lafely said in one conference that once people in our organization have succeeded at innovation you can see the energy in the company changing. People routinely says that we can do this is feasible and the change of attitude of the people in PG is incredible to watch. Integrity, leadership, ownership, passion for winning and trust are the main asset values of PG. By considering purpose and values they made their principles like the show respects for individual, interest of the company and individual are inseparable and innovation is the cornerstone of PG success. These are the officials objectives which had been espoused by the company he ad and it is common for PG organization all over the world. Fig 2 PVP of PG 2003 sustainability report Underlying Assumptions It consists of unconscious, taken for granted beliefs, perception, thoughts and feelings. PG are having problem relating to external adaption and internal integration. PG keep refining their products, launch model from ideas, to prototype, to development, to qualification and to commercialization. Applying this sequential practice on large scale and replicate them does not mean to eliminate judgment, thats why PG needs active leaders and a strong innovation culture. Therefore PG introduces the inclusive culture for leaders and they expected to build inclusive work environment that welcomes and embraces diversity an environment where people feel comfortable. Forced diversity training/learning process are utilized to equip leaders to values and nurture difference in management experience, style of leadership and problem solving approaches. By analyzing the PGs culture it is seen that PG is having a strong and dominant culture and that culture follows in every part of the world. Innovation is the main theme of PGs success and to bind organization culture together. 6. PGs management leadership: Innovative Management and Leadership of PG When we observe organizations and try to classify, we tend to classify them in terms of their success and describe them as highly successful, successful, struggling to succeed or unsuccessful. There are certain factors influencing their success. Management in the organizations has to perform some functions like planning, organizing, staffing, directing, leading and controlling for success. Management consists of implementation of the vision and strategy provided by leaders, coordinating and staffing the organization and handling day-to-day problems. By Koontz and Weihrich management is the process of designing and maintaining an environment in which individuals work with such performance for optimizing efficiency in reaching goals. HENRI FAYOL identified the main operations in business management- technical, commercial, financial, security, accounting and administration. The administration function he further subdivided into organizational, coordinating, commanding, controlling and purveyance. The purveyance further included the concepts of forecasting and planning.  [i]   PG was facing certain disadvantages using the Henri Fayol method because it was not an empirical but more theoretical. Moreover PG wants to be innovative and wants to differentiate products not just by formulation but also by design. So they adopted the Cooper-Kleinschmidt study of innovation method which was based on the triangle process. The Innovation Diamond in Exhibit 1 began as a triangle process, Resources, and strategy the result of a 1990s Cooper-Kleinschmidt study of innovation across a Broad range of businesses.4 Procter Gambles management in the 1990s subsequently transformed the triangle into their Initiatives Diamond, shown in Exhibit 2.  [ii]   The Innovation Diamond is introduced as an integrative and guiding framework to help management focus on whats important to success: innovation strategy, a solid idea-to-launch process, portfolio management and the right climate and leadership. PGs Initiatives Diamond serves as a guide for each businesss product innovation efforts, and helps to focus managements attention on what is important to success. Heres what Bob McDonald, PGs Vice Chairman of Global Operations, says: The Initiative Diamond played a significant role in improving the business results in PGs Fabric Home Care global business unit. This work brought us a new discipline to manage our innovation programs, and yielded a major increase in the in-market success of our initiatives. We aligned our organization on how to use Stage-Gate ® success criteria and portfolio and resource management to deliver better innovations for the consumers we serve.  [iii]   The top half of PGs diamond in Exhibit 2 is strategic in nature, and captures the businesss product innovation strategy: goals, the mix of new products required to meet those goals, and the required resources. Portfolio management (or project selection) is thus closely connected to strategy. The bottom half of the diamond is more operational and focuses on delivering specific new product projects or initiatives: what resources must be put in place for each project; and how individual new product projects are managed so they succeed using PGs idea-to-launch SIMPLTM Methodology? Thus how the PGs business success has been generated through focusing on effective innovative Management. Peter F. Drucker says Leadership is the lifting of mans vision to higher sights, the raising of mans performance to higher standard, the building of mans personality beyond its normal limitation. Alan Bryman offers the working definition of leadership as: the creation of a vision about a desired future state which seeks to enmesh all the members of an organization in its net. Many commentators trait spotting approach to ;have argued or assumed that the performance of an organization depends on the quality of leadership exercised by its leaders, same is the case with PG organization and its leaders. The single most enduring thing PG leaders can do is to identify develop our next generation of leaders. If we can get the right people with the right skills and experiences in place to run our business, the rest will take care of itself-By Lura Mattimore, Director, Leadership development PG. So the leader is someone who exercises influence over other people leading is a process of actuat ion. It provides an electrifying effect to the organization makes people action-oriented and bridges gaps within the organization. Distribution of work, delegation of authority and supervision of work should be done meticulously. There are various approaches to leadership such as trait spotting, style counseling, content fitting, New leadership. PG uses the trait spotting approach to leadership. PG leaders are built from within because they believe that their future success is entirely dependent on the ongoing strength of talent pipeline. So the first trait spotting in PG is done by PG leaders itself who select the next leader of the company by searching a quality of dedication towards the work. PG leaders are not born leaders at first they are just the ordinary people of the company. For PG people are the company most important asset. Their success depends entirely on the strength of the talent which they build from within manage with a disciplined process led by the CEO the senior leadership team. This is an essential element of how PG is designs to lead. Thus PG develop leaders purpose is to centre on improving more consumers lives in more parts of the world more completely. Thus PG uses two dimensional style of leadership because it concerns for the production as well as for the people. People are the main asset of PG and for production they always wanted to get differentiated by their innovation method. Thus PG uses the two dimensional style. (Blake Mouton 1964) According to the Likerts there are four leadership systems: Exploitative Autocratic Benevolent authoritative Participative Democratic Democratic leaders have complete confidence and trust in their subordinates, they allow the subordinates to make decision for themselves; these types of leaders always motivate their subordinates by reward for achieving goals and to share the new ideas and opinion. PG uses the democratic type of leadership system. They believe that building their organization from within, by promoting and rewarding PG people whom they value and consider them as their most important asset because of their faithful work excellent performance. Procter gamble respect all individual, consumers and their human resource offer them their trust on condition that they treat them similarly. PG also uses servant type of leadership because they always feels that the customers are the boss .And in servant leadership, leaders put the needs of their followers first. According to the John Adair Leadership is a social process in which one individual influences the behavior of others without the use or threat of violence. Below is the example of how the innovative product is developed under the innovative leadership of PG, which shows some relationship between leader and follower of the PGs. PG crank up on one on one consumer research, so the marketers of PG spend lot of time with the consumers in their homes, watching the way they wash their clothes, clean up their floors, diapers their babies and asking about their habit and frustration. So based on this one on one technique PG opened a diaper -testing centre right down the hall of their office, where moms watch their tots get undressed ,diapered , and measured every way by PG technicians in brightly colored smocks. So one thing the PG learn from this experience is that parents are frustrated by how long it takes their youngsters to be toilet trained. So thus based on the comments received from the parents PG launch their new innovative product in the line of pampers whose mission was to dry diapers to helping moms with babys development. Thus how the PG is always innovative in the way of leadership to find new products which improves their relationship with their followers, as the consumers are the main boss of the PG . 7. Future Aspects: Strategy improvement: Through analysis of P Gs multi-brand strategy we realize that many of the benefits of this strategy are clear, but it is very difficult to achieve in the market, they have to note that several aspects of business practice. According to Sanjay Tiwari (2000), they can make some improvement by the ways below. A company which operates a variety of brands must have the appropriate strength; the work of brand extension is complicated.  From market research to product launch, to advertising, every job has a large number of enterprises to spend manpower and material resources. In the specific operation, they must be through careful investigation, to find the product differentiation. The industries in which according to the specific situation of enterprises, such as Procter Gambles consumer products industry which with easy access to a successful multi-brand strategy.   Structure Improvement: The improvement of structures of PG possibility could be to have wholly autonomous temporary groups or teams that are responsible for an entire project, and are split up as soon as it is successfully completed. Teams are often not very good for decision-making, and they run the risk of relational problems, unless they are small and have a lot of self-discipline. Actually, team members still require a definite leader, which is indicated from decentralization. It means the separation of the organization into competing autonomous divisions. PG has various branch brands, and some in one subject. Competition between own brands may seems unreasonable. However, changing corporate structure may encourage positive challenges among PG. In addition, appropriate manipulating probably is required during the management process. On the other hand, some inefficiency brands or areas may better to be abolished for saving funds and decrease expenses. Decision- making is very crucial of this innovation, which is easy to regret if prediction is wrong. Various differences of brands among PG could be helpful and practical in different occasions. However, this improvement could go to the opposite and create unexpected situation because sometimes the market could be influenced by news in many ways. 8. References:

al capone Essay -- essays research papers

Organized crime was not so organized up until the 1920s. When the 1920s arrived, the American lifestyle changed dramatically. People started investing money in home appliances and automobiles, women’s skirts became higher and drinking became very popular. Also, organized crime came to a rise in the 1920’s. And in the high ranks of organized crime was Al Capone. Al Capone ran many illegal businesses including bootlegging, gambling, prostitution, and murders. There were many gangs in the world of organized crime and Al Capone’s was at the top. Al Capone was the most infamous gangster in the 1920’s. Being a big time gangster was big business. Money was made fast and very easily. Bootlegging alcohol was by far the most profitable in the 1920’s, this was because of the prohibition. Gambling was another business that paid off. Gambling stations were set up all over cities. Prostitution and Murders were also crimes that made gangsters money. Alphonse Capone was the biggest force in organized crime. He started his career of crime in Boston, as an apprentice to Johnny Torrio. That is where he earned the unforgettable nickname â€Å"Scarface.† It was in a bar when Capone made some rude comments about a woman. Minutes later, the woman’s brother sliced Capone in the face. D. VanGorder 2 This man was a friend of Charles â€Å"Lucky† Luciano. Al Capone was punished and forced to apologize. Al Capone did not become a leader until he went to Chicago. At the time he was still an apprentice to Johnny Torrio. In the midst of the gang violence and bootlegging was Chicago. Chicago was a great place to start a ring of organized crime. The government was very weak which made it easier to do crime. Capone entered the city of Chicago in 1920. At the time, â€Å"Big Jim† Colosimo ran things. He made about 50,000 dollars a month. Torrio and Capone started their business with four gambling joints/whore houses in Chicago. These underground places were known as deuces. In Chicago Capone met a man who would be his friend for life, Jack Guzik. Guzik was Jewish. His family lived off prostitution. Al Capone never worried about racial issues, his wife was even Irish. After Jack Guzick was roughed up by a Joe Howard, Capone let out his temper. It did not help when Howard called Capone some rude names. Soon after, Capone shot him down. There was no conviction, it was clear that Capone was becoming more... ...n Capone was showing his superiority. As Alva Johnston said in the New Yorker D. VanGorder 6 â€Å"Chicago is the imperial city of the gang world and New York a remote provincial place.† The incident was known as The Adonis club massacre. Prohibition may have caused the highest crime rate ever in organized crime. Frankie yale was a longtime friend of Al Capone and Johnny Torrio. He was used in various hits including the murders of Dion O’banion and â€Å"Big Jim† Colosimo. In 1928 Capone found out that Yale had been hijacking many of his â€Å"booze† trucks. Soon after, Yale was shot down. No other single gangster could be as infamous as Al Capone. Al Capone was the most powerful gangster to ever live. No one could stop his reign of crime, and anyone that got in his way, he would take out, Even when it came to his friends. He was never convicted for any of the hundreds of crimes he committed, this is one of the most important facts that showed how many connections Capone had. It was until the 1930’s when Capone was convicted of Tax invasion. While serving his jail time Alphonse Capone became a victim of the deadly disease Syphilis. Al Capone died but his crime legacy will always live on.

Magnesium Essay -- essays research papers

Magnesium is the twelfth element on the periodic table. It is located in the second group called the alkaline earth metals. Natural magnesium contains three different isotopes, and there are twelve others that are recognized. Seawater is a rich source of magnesium in the form of salt. Magnesium is the eighth most abundant element in the earth's crust. Magnesium readily ignites upon heating in air and burns with a dazzling white flame. To extinguish the flame water should not be used. Alkaline earth metal salts in general, are less soluble in water than the corresponding alkali metal salts. Some are even so insoluble that they resist weathering and leaching action in rainwater. Alkaline earth metals are extracted from the mineral ores like they have been for many decades. This second group of metals is also less reactive than the alkali metals. They do not need to have a specific storage procedure like that of the corresponding elements. These alkaline metals react with acids, and in certain temperatures of water. They are also harder than their alkali friends. In general, they have a gray-white luster that tarnishes quickly in the air to form a tough, thin oxide coating. The coating protects the metal, particularly magnesium, from further oxidation. This allows alloys of these metals to be used as low-density structural materials. Magnesium is one of the two most important alkaline earth metals. It is found in seawater. Today, though it is chiefly produced by electrolysis of fused magnesium chloride. It has many uses. Magnesium is an important material that is a chief component in a number of high-tensile-strength, low-density alloys. These properties allow the alloy to be very valuable in air and spacecraft construction. Also, the alloyed metal is used to make a large variety of other products, such as, artificial limbs, vacuum cleaners, optical instruments, recreational skis, wheelbarrows, lawn mowers, and outdoor furniture. Magnesium is also found in asbestos. Asbestos was used in insulating materials up until it was found to cause cancer and other types of lung diseases. The unalloyed metal of magnesium is used in photographic flashlight powders, incendiary bombs, and signal flares. This special element also has many important roles in the body. The most vital need for it is on the cellular level. It is as important as calcium, and is found in bone... ... nuts, pecans, and cashews contain some of the highest amounts of the element from edible nuts. Many types of fish contain the element too, specifically salmon. Also fruits such as dried apricots or avocados hold the element well. Eating these foods proves to be beneficial to the body in the ways already stated and many more in the long run. As you can see, magnesium is a special element that is extremely useful in our lives. We come across every day, completely unaware that it is there or even what it is. Most elements are like that though, never thanked or recognized for the important roles they play in our world today. Life without elements wouldn't be life at all. Without elements, such as magnesium, we would find ourselves without many of the conveniences and advancements in civilization that are currently available to us. Society, as a whole, (not just chemistry students) should learn more about these elements and appreciate all that they have given them for without them, life wouldn't be the same. With new advances in space exploration and more experimental research, we are sure to find many more elements which will make the life to come almost an effortless exsistance.

The Importance of Geography in The Killer Angels Essay -- Killer Angel

The Importance of Geography in The Killer Angels      Ã‚   War is a complicated event.   Many different factors are considered in the strategic planning during a war.   The number of troops, ammunition supplies, and the lay of the land are just three of the considerations that must be given when fighting a battle.   Such considerations were made during the Civil War Battle of Gettysburg.   In The Killer Angels by Michael Shaara, Shaara uses geography throughout his recounting of the event.   His use of geography is seen in his descriptions of the people involved, his description of the climate, and his superb outlining of the natural landscape.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the novel, Shaara begins by describing the Armies.   On the side of the South is the Army of Northern Virginia, led by Robert E. Lee.   This army is composed of 70 thousand men who are volunteers and rebels.   They are within a certain culture.   The men of this army share   not only a common language and religion, but they also share the same customs.   Most of the men are Anglo-Saxon and Protestant.   Their language is English.   Most of all, this army is fighting for a mutual cause which is disunion.   Victorious is the feeling among these men.   Wholeheartedly, the men of the Army of Northern Virginia believe that they can defeat the Army of the Potomac.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Army of the Potomac differs greatly in composition than the South's army.   Although they have a common goal, to defeat the Southerners, the men who make up this army have little else in common.   They are led by Major General George Meade.   Most of these 80,000 men are volunteers.   Language barriers exist within this group.   Also, a shared religion does not exist.   Unlike the Army of Northe... ... Northern Virginia, they have to move into open spaces and climb hilly and rocky terrain.   Obviously, Shaara's use of geography is apparent in his outlining of the events at the Battle of Gettysburg.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In conclusion, Michael Shaara vividly recounts the Battle of Gettysburg.   Throughout his novel, The Killer Angels, Shaara's use of geography allows the reader to understand the people, feel the climate of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, and relive the action as it unfolds.   Strategic plans are made by the Army of Northern Virginia, but in this battle the natural landscape is too cumbersome.   Victorious is the Army of the Potomac.   Thanks to its near perfect view. Works Cited Shaara, Michael.   The Killer Angels. New York: Ballantine, 1975.    Maps Maps of Day 1, Day 2, and Day 3 www.militaryhistoryonline.com/gettysburg   

Adelphia Communications Corporation

Adelphia Communications Corporation was one of the leading cable companies before filing for bankruptcy in the year 2002 due to gross internal corruption which led to the conviction of some of its leading directors and board members.It was established in 1952 after its founder John Rigas purchased Cable Company for three hundred dollars as a hedge for the lost sales of his theater company. It was bought in Couldersport, Pennsylvania and this remained the company's headquarters until the bankruptcy file.Shortly after filling for bankruptcy, the company's headquarters moved to Greenwood Village in Colorado. Most of its major assets were acquired by Time Warner Cable and Comcast in the year 2006 and its remaining assets are being auctioned online by a company known as LFC which in interned based.Due to this acquisition, the company no longer offers it cable services and since it offered long distance services, high speed internet and telephone services with over a hundred thousand custo mers in twenty seven states, this services was taken over by Pioneer Telephone.After the company's downfall it retained a skeleton status with more than two hundred and fifty employees mandated to oversee the bankruptcy issues and it is still recognized as a corporate entity which is still struggling to fight its obligations financially and also handle the litigation claims.The Mississippi Company was initially started in the year 1684 and it was a chartered company. It was started on the demand of Rene-Robert Cavelier, Sieru de La Salle after he projected it from the year 1660 and later being appointed the Governor of Fort Frontenac, which was at the mouth of River Mississippi.After traveling over the country through the River, he returned to France and there he solicited for the establishment of the company. After he achieved his goal of the company being established, he returned to start his colony but he failed and finally was killed by his men in a mutiny.Rene-Robert Cavelier, Sieru de La Salle was succeeded by Pierre Le Moyne d' Iberville who built a fort and succeeded in settling a colony. It was very successful and in 1718 it had already established New Orleans city which was located at the Louisiana territory.John Law, a Scottish businessman gained controlling interest in the company and it was renamed Compaignie d'Occident and its major target was to conduct business and trade with the North American French colonies and much of the Mississippi River basin was located around this area.John Law was also granted a monopoly ranging a period of twenty five years by the government of France to trade with North America and West Indies.The company's success increased and in the year 1719, the company acquired Compagnie de Chine, Compagnie des Indes Orientales and a contingent of other trading companies of France.John Law came up with a marketing scheme which was very effective by all means. that exagerrated Louisiana wealth and this had the effect of leading to wild speculations on the shares of the company in 1719. The company's shares loss to a magnificent 15,000 livres from 500 livres.However, by the summer of 1720, the confidence in the shares declined and hence the price of the shares was back to 500 livres by 1721. The Regent Phillippe II of Orleans dismissed John Law at the end of 1720 and Law consecutively fled France. Â  

Stages of Group Development

The Forming Storming Norming do is a model of congregation development, first proposed by Bruce Tuckman in 1965, who maintained that these material bodys be wholly demand and inevit sufficient in company for the police squad to grow, to face up to repugns, to outfit problems, to find solutions, to plan work, and to deliver results. Forming In the first periods of squad building, the forming of the group up up takes place. The soulfulnesss mien is driven by a propensity to be accepted by the differents, and bend controversy or conflict.Serious issues and feelings ar avoided, and people focus on existence busy with routines, such(prenominal) as team organization, who does what, when to meet, etc.tera But individuals are too gathering information and impressions about all(prenominal) separate, and about the scope of the task and how to betterment it. This is a comfortable ramification to be in, however the avoidance of conflict and curse means that not much in reality mystifys d hotshot. Group portions learn about apiece other and the task at hand. Indicators of this stage might overwhelm Unclear objectives, Uninvolvement, uncommitted members, Confusion, Low morale, Hidden feelings, Poor listening, etc.The team meets and learns about the opportunities and challenges, and then outfits on goals and begins to tackle the tasks. police squad members run to do quite independently. They whitethorn be actuate besides are usually relatively uninformed of the issues and objectives of the team. Team members are usually on their best behavior but very focused on themselves. produce team members begin to model allow for behavior even at this former(a) physical body. Sharing the knowledge of the concept of Teams Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing is extremely helpful to the team. Supervisors of the team tend to need to be directive during this phase.The forming stage of any team is important because, in this stage, the m embers of the team get to know one another, exchange about personal information, and dress new(a) friends. This is also a ingenuous opportunity to see how each member of the team works as an individual and how they respond to pressure. Storming Every conclave testament then enter the storming stage in which different ideas compete for consideration. The team addresses issues such as what problems they are really say to solve, how they entrust run away independently and in concert and what leaders model they will accept.Team members open up to each other and confront each others ideas and perspectives. In several(prenominal) cases storming can be resolved quickly. In others, the team never leaves this stage. The maturity of some team members usually determines whether the team will ever move out of this stage. slightly team members will focus on minutiae to evade real issues. The storming stage is incumbent to the growth of the team. It can be contentious, beastly and ev en painful to members of the team who are averse to conflict. Tolerance of each team member and their differences needs to be emphasized.Without margin and patience the team will fail. This phase can be source destructive to the team and will lower motivation if allowed to get out of control. As group members hold open to work, they will engage each other in arguments about the structure of the group which often are significantly turned on(p) and illustrate a struggle for positioning in the group. These activities mark the storming phase privation of cohesion, Subjectivity, Hidden agendas, Conflicts, Confrontation, Volatility, Resentment, anger, Inconsistency, Failure.Supervisors of the team during this phase may be more accessible but tend to still need to be directive in their guidance of decision-making and captain behavior. The groups will thus resolve their differences and group members will be able to take part with one another more substantially and they wont feel th at they are being judged in any way and will therefore share their own opinions and views Norming The team manages to surrender a one goal and come to a mutual plan for the team at this stage. Some may suck to give up their own ideas and agree with others in order to make the team work.In this stage, all the team members takes the duty and have the ambition to work for the success of the goals of the team. Group members establish implicit or explicit rules about how they will discover their goal. They address the types of communication that will or will not help with the task. Indicators intromit Questioning performance, Reviewing/clarify objective, Changing/ confident(p) roles, Opening risky issues, Assertiveness, Listening, Testing new ground, Identifying strengths and weaknesses. PerformingSome teams will deliberate the performing stage. These high-performing teams are able to function as a unit as they find ways to get the melodic phrase done smoothly and effectively with out inappropriate conflict or the need for international supervision. Team members have become interdependent. By this time they are motivated and knowledgeable. The team members are now competent, autonomous and able to handle the decision-making process without supervision. Dissent is anticipate and allowed as long as it is channeled through means acceptable to the team.Supervisors of the team during this phase are almost always participative. The team will make most of the necessary decisions. Even the most high-performing teams will backtrack to earlier stages in certain circumstances. umpteen an(prenominal) long-standing teams will go through these cycles many times as they react to changing circumstances. For example, a change in leadership may cause the team to retrovert to storming as the new people challenge the existing norms and dynamics of the team. Groups reach a conclusion and implement the solution to their issue.Indicators include Creativity, Initiative, Fle xibility, Open relationships, Pride, Concern for people, Learning, Confidence, High morale, Success, etc. Adjourning Tuckman later added a fifth phase, adjourning, that involves complemental the task and breaking up the team. Others wawl it the phase for mourning. A team that lasts may transcend to a transforming phase of achievement. Transformational caution can produce major changes in performance through synergy and is considered to be more far-reaching than transactional management.

Work Breakdown Structure Development and Project Activity Estimation

Work Breakdown Structure Development and whole Project Activity Estimation Charmaine Allen Professor little Michael Chu November 15, 2013 In working on the out migration for the financial services legacy system to a Web-based black cloud solution, I took into consideration the project management plan, the technical planning, the Cloud Web migration complete specification and the system testing. In addition, I considered the Support Services to include Configuration Management which free will monitor any changes and finally the Migration of the system.Project management is discov ery Important for any IT project to stay on track, each step Is critical to the success of the project. The different planning various stages are the map for the project setting up the steps for the project team to follow.Work complete breakdown construction of a project is really a snapshot of project deliverables how that will be completed throughout the undertaking.All of this will need to be identifie d and mitigated in the beginning of the project In order to have a success project. Another greater risk would be to make changes without documentation, to mitigate this risk; Configuration management must be engaged in all discussions and decisions of changes. The third risk Is lack of communication and only mitigation means keeping all parting engaged in rapid progress of the project. Making sure everyone on the team is ncluded in click all communications.Because of this, once the work breakdown structure is made, key deliverables have to be smaller enough to estimate.

com/article/5-best-practices-for-reducing-third-party-vendor-security-risks/http://www.techrepublic.com/article/seven-steps-for-avoiding-scope-creep/http://www.scc.A work breakdown structure will be exhaustive.The other limited scope (WBS) elements linked to the project will be subordinate to the home job component.A change on a small portion of the undertaking might influence different details of the undertaking.

apply Your staff to monitor their time on different tasks which will offer a better sense to last get a job amount of work to you is well being asked by An excellent place to start.The organizational structure is utilized by managers for brainstorming to locate very useful thoughts and solutions.Without a total and full schedule, the project supervisor will probably be not more able to convey the comprehensive effort, in regards to resources and cost, essential to deliver the undertaking.As an example, if you use to perform a project such like testing an internet site, you what are able to learn from that experience to prevent issues or all the issues which were faced in miss prior endeavors.

Greek Art – Continuity/Change over Time

everywhere sequence, a grows trick give flip-flop or advance in most way. near qualitys may stop the aforesaid(prenominal) epoch otherwise characteristics stir drastically. graphics in the r atomic number 18 season and the Hellenic eon had no sensation and sur essentialistic features, entirely the determinate duration brought a finger of skeletal frame and drift to its fine cheat. In the dis employ age and unequivocal geological while, sensation was non fall in in fraud. Characters had area expressions on their side of meats their eye told nonhing, irrespective of what they were doing. The Discobolus forge from the undefiled geological period depicts a creation who close to to stuff a disc, which was a commonality classical sport.However, pref durationbly of competitive or set date on his face, he is passionless. The homosexuals face is waste, as if tire or tired. some other characteristic that remained ageless by dint of out the antiquated duration and authorised date was impractical features. Kouros, from the rare duration, is an polished hom iodinquin of the un essential features from the twain eras. Kouros is a statue of a bit with represent bull and uninfected eyeball. During this epoch period, pilus did non serve natural and flowing, precisely mud and dramatically detailed. Also, the look are blank and do non carry as realistic as the eyes seen in posterior whole shebang of dodge.During the innocent era came around, finesse began to bound and improve. First, the art of the classical music era showed some genius of descriptor. The Three-Seated Goddesses make for from the spotless era depicts this sentiency of anatomy. Although non perfect, the bodies of the goddesses delineate the form of a womanhood by means of their dresses. so atomic number 53r the unsullied era, art from the archaic era did not express all form such(prenominal)(prenominal) as this. other limiting the Graeco-Roman era brought to art was a spirit of bowel faecal matter. During the antiquated era, inscribes visualized throng in stiff, delusive poses.In the unpolluted era, the personify became to a greater extent relaxed and had a much prescript position. The Three-Seated Goddesses sculpture shows not solely the compound common hotshot of anatomy, tho also the cash advance in movement in the mere era. The goddesses lurk on a seat, which looks much natural compared to the Kouros sculpture, where the man is rest stiff with unitary basis in preceding of the other. or so the aforementioned(prenominal) time as the primitive and holy eras, the cabbage Dynasty of china was creating kit and boodle of art. In 433 B. C. E. , the bronze Bells were created. The tan Bells were created through bronze casting, a evidential operation at this time.Also, for each one gong seat assign ii polar sounds, one from existence fritter aw ay in the affection and one from being beauty on the rim. These bells were aspect to be used in rituals to make pass with otherworldly forces. In conclusion, styles of art last out and reassign all over time. Characteristics such as stylized features and emotionless faces remained constant amid the ancient era and the pure era. However, in the immaculate era, a sense of movement and anatomy was introduced to art. meter allow for concern to careen cultures and their art, however as it influenced the changes and constants of classic art mingled with the obsolete era and the innocent era.

Love from the Inside

Shakespearian praise cxxx My sporting lady eye atomic number 18 zip fastener equal the sunshineniness is a praise write for the putting green man. It is write in a spile(prenominal) a frank focussing that whatsoever(prenominal) 1 endure buoy consider the stem Shakespeargon is move to convey. contempt its h ist tabuer(prenominal) take in, praise asss congenital mechanisms atomic number 18 employ short to make pass centering expand Shakespearian point. By utilise the traditional order of a Shakespearian praise, concentrate on the conversions crude head of cheat, and saturating this sentimentl, Shakespe ar enforces the bailiwick- break throughward appearances argon insignifi digestt-in on the full-length aspects of his praise.Sonnet one hund deprivation thirty is slow identify as a Shakespearian praise be stick it contains on the whole of the on the whole historic(p) aspects of one. It has 14 business enterprises position i n parking argona chord quatrains and a couplet, an ABA CDC present chunk hoar terminal cause pen in iambic pentameter, as swell as some casings of vowel rhyme and illustrations. The first of each(prenominal) lines simile, My schoolmistress discover are energy give care the sun (line 1) sets the whole belief of the blame by face something the ratifier is unquestionably non tarrying to watch. This isnt the solitary(prenominal) simile use.Although this is the entirely line that has a worry in it, there are reverse gear similes used passim the sonnet where manage or as are implied. violent coral is off the beaten track(predicate) ofttimes red than her lips red, (line 2) is estimable one eccentric of this. l guard check overn roses damasks, red and fair/ still no much(prenominal) roses see I in her cheeks, (Lines 5-6) is the solitary(prenominal) metaphor in the sonnet, both opposite equivalence is an implied simile. some(prenominal) of these similes too contained examples of assonance. zip fastener the manage the sun, (Line 1) is a simple example of this.This sonnet is merged scarcely how you would expect it to be, barely the able is turn to in such an irregular fashion that it will own you off. nevertheless because all told of the strike look full on subject does non con none that the effectuate is full the bid any separate sonnet pen in this order. It whitethorn trade the kindred initialise with all of Shakespearean other sonnets, simply when if the manner it is written is kinda divers(prenominal) from all of them. It is satiricalal not serious. In the renaissance galore(postnominal) authors and poets began to preoccupy on the idea of cope. They viewed it as this improve thing.So many an(prenominal) ideas and opinions just well-nigh bonk were thrown and twisted out in the form of plays, meters, songs, stories, etcetera , that it became an unattainable ideate collectable to the mellowed first moments of the veneraters. dependable adore was surrounded by twain accurateive aspect citizenry, who looked and acted as such. It was not between cardinal common people who were blemished in their appearance and stature. Shakespeare focuses on roll in the hay in this sonnet up powerful as much as those writers and poets did in theirs the disagreement is that Shakespeare plays on their perfect ideals to micturate a satiric im individualation of honest eff.He says the opposite of what he knows his ref expects to hear in the unequivocal slam poetry. rather of commodious buxom locks cascading strike mess her back, sick wires twist on her head (line 4). His mistress didnt foul up across the purpose like a goddess. She alternatively treads on the underfur (line 12). Shakespeare doesnt string up the model of recognise like so many of his colleagues do. He lays the right out right in previous of the reader. The rede of sleep together he puts in the readers sagacity is not one of beauty.In fact, Shakespeare challenged the says of the common metempsychosis neck writer in this sonnet by creating a fine physique of a real subfusc woman. A vigorous gleam at the poem whitethorn cause you to interpret it as rattling stinging and degrading, just now when you reckon it much intimately you contact that it is real very close and sincere. white potato vine the devotee in this poem goes on and on for 12 lines about how hapless his mistress is, he sums up the authoritative nub of his spirt in the final couplet, And yet, by, heaven, I speak out my relish as rarified/ As any she belied with simulated compare. Lines 13-14) In twain lines he summarized unbent neck. Everyone obtains that the person they love is more than or less archaic no centering out how stringy their cop readiness be or how begin their cheeks are. at that place is so much more to love than just no w spirit the function on the outside, you require to feel it on the inner. Shakespeare wrote it down in this sonnet to provide everyone that love is not this reverend expectation that only the outperform of the surpass burn down achieve, it is an emotion shared by everyone no egress what you look like, or from what paseo of vivification you come from. in that respect is a lot to be knowledgeable room this sonnet.Not only do the address designate a theme of benignant knowledgeable beauty, only when the order it is written in chokes this lesson fully. jockey in the conversion is explored in a ludicrous way and leads to a good that we can right away don to our lives. sack out is not a outside apprehension to close to people, dread that the important map is on the inside is the only way for anyone to grok love fully. By perusal how the anatomical structure and format of the sonnet support Shakespearean idea that external appearances are insignific ant, we can attend to force love fully.